Abstract:
Apoptosis is a tightly regulated form of programmed cell death essential for development and tissue homeostasis. A key event in this process is the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane, driven by the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family of proteins; Bax and Bak. VDAC, the major channel of the mitochondrial outer membrane, has long been proposed to play a central role in apoptosis through interactions with BCL-2 family proteins. However, despite extensive cellular studies, the molecular basis of these interactions remains poorly understood, and direct structural and biochemical characterization of VDAC-Bax complexes is lacking. Here, we address these questions by a structure-function in vitro approach. We produced and purified the VDAC2-Bax complex in a minimal membrane system. Using complementary biochemical, biophysical, and structural approaches, we demonstrate that Bax directly forms a stable complex with VDAC2. We identify the C-terminal helix α9 as a key determinant of the interaction and show that VDAC2-associated Bax adopts a membrane-embedded, 'primed' conformation in which the N-terminal region and BH3 domain remain accessible. Finally, we establish the specificity of this interaction for the isoform VDAC2 over VDAC1 and propose a mechanistic framework by which VDAC2 defines a distinct intermediate in the Bax activation pathway.
Co-supervisors :
- Lucie BERGDOLL (LISM)
- Guillaume GERBAUD (BIP)
- James STURGIS (LISM)